The species is divided into two subspecies, each further subdivided into three varieties. The tree can be long-lived, with some trees over 500 years old. It usually has a rounded conic form, that becomes irregular with age. Pinus nigra is moderately fast growing, at about 30–70 cm (12–28 in) per year. maturity is reached at 15–40 years large seed crops are produced at 2–5 year intervals. The seeds are dark gray, 6–8 millimetres ( 1⁄ 4– 5⁄ 16 in) long, with a yellow-buff wing 20–25 mm ( 3⁄ 4–1 in) long they are wind-dispersed when the cones open from December to April. The mature seed cones are 5–10 centimetres (2–4 inches) (rarely to 11 cm) long, with rounded scales they ripen from green to pale gray-buff or yellow-buff in September to November, about 18 months after pollination. The ovulate and pollen cones appear from May to June. The leaves ('needles') are thinner and more flexible in western populations.
The bark is gray to yellow-brown, and is widely split by flaking fissures into scaly plates, becoming increasingly fissured with age. Pinus nigra is a large coniferous evergreen tree, growing to 20–55 metres (66–180 feet) high at maturity and spreading to 6 to 12 m (20 to 39 ft) wide. Pinus nigra, the Austrian pine or black pine, is a moderately variable species of pine, occurring across Southern Europe from the Iberian Peninsula to the eastern Mediterranean, on the Anatolian peninsula of Turkey, Corsica and Cyprus, as well as Crimea and in the high mountains of Northwest Africa. Recently, the species has been afflicted by the fungal disease known as red band needle blight, causing a major decline in the species in the United Kingdom.1: Pinus nigra subsp. Sustainability: This wood species is not listed in the CITES Appendices, and is reported by the IUCN as being a species of least concern.Ĭommon Uses: Paper (pulpwood), boxes/crates, and construction lumber.Ĭomments: Austrian Pine has at least two recognized subspecies, as well as a number of varieties. Expect prices to be moderate within its natural growing range. Pricing/Availability: Austrian Pine is commonly harvested for construction lumber and pulpwood.
#Austrian pine needle blight skin#
Odor: Austrian Pine has a mild, resinous odor when being worked.Īllergies/Toxicity: Working with pine has been reported to cause allergic skin reactions and/or asthma-like symptoms in some people. See the articles Wood Allergies and Toxicity and Wood Dust Safety for more information. Workability: Austrian Pine is easy to work with both hand and machine tools. Rot Resistance: Heartwood is rated as moderately durable to non-durable regarding decay resistance. Grain/Texture: Grain is straight, with a medium, even texture.Įndgrain: Medium sized resin canals, numerous and evenly distributed, mostly solitary earlywood to latewood transition fairly abrupt, color contrast medium tracheid diameter medium-large. Shrinkage: Radial: 4.1%, Tangential: 7.3%, Volumetric: 11.4%, T/R Ratio: 1.8Ĭolor/Appearance: Heartwood is light reddish brown, wide sapwood is pale yellow to nearly white.
Common Name(s): Austrian Pine, European Black Pineĭistribution: Mediterranean regions of Europe and Asia Minor
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